Phoenix is a city in Arizona. Phoenix is located in the southwestern United States, in south-central Arizona, approximately halfway between Tucson to the southeast and Flagstaff to the north. Phoenix is also the capital of Arizona, as well as the largest city and largest metropolitan area in Arizona. Phoenix is the capital and most populous city of Arizona and the fifth most populous city in the United States, it is the seat of Maricopa County.
Phoenix's first newspaper was the weekly Salt River Valley Herald, established in 1878, which would change its name the following year to the Phoenix Herald. With the creation of the Phoenix Sister Cities (PSC) organization in 1972, Phoenix became a member of the international sister cities movement. The Arizona Upland subdivision of the Sonoran Desert (of which Phoenix is part) has the most structurally diverse flora in the United States. At the end of the decade, Phoenix adopted the Phoenix Concept 2000 plan that divided the city into urban villages, each with its own village core, where greater height and density were allowed, shaping the culture of free market development.
The Territorial Legislature passed the Phoenix Charter Bill, incorporating Phoenix and providing mayor-council government; Governor John C. Phoenix is also known as the golf capital of the world with more than 200 golf courses in the Phoenix metropolitan area. Phoenix is the anchor of the Phoenix metropolitan area, also known as the Valley of the Sun, which in turn is part of the Salt River Valley. The story of Phoenix begins with Jack Swilling, a Confederate veteran of the Civil War who searched the nearby mining town of Wickenburg, in the newly formed Arizona territory.
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